The condenser is a heat exchanger. It is located at the front of the vehicle. The condenser cools down the refrigerant (heated up by the compressor) and becomes a liquid (condensates) by transferring its heat to the flow of ambient air passing through it. Valeo’s OE expertise are present throughout the wide range of 460 part numbers which covers 85% of the European passenger cars and Light Commercial Vehicles car parc. The benefits are as follows :

The air in the cabin is propelled by a motor driven fan, more commonly known as a blower. The blower module is located inside the HVAC.

It consists of:

• A fan
• A drive motor
• A power control device

The blower is designed on the basis of:

• The thermal power to be drawn from the heat exchangers in order to achieve the right flow rate
• The heat loss in the circuit, in order to set the pressure.

The expansion valve has different roles:

• It controls the drop in pressure for refrigerant evaporation & cold generation
• It controls the flow rate of the fluid in the evaporator
• It controls the evaporator output temperature (superheating).

The pressure switch monitors the A/C loop’s high pressure level, it enables or disables the compressor according to two pressure thresholds. One additional circuit controls the cooling fan, it secures the condensation process by forcing the air flow through the condenser. The pressure switch is a safety device for the A/C loop. The pressure switch is located on the high pressure side of the loop. It has different roles:

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The accumulator has a similar function to the receiver drier, but works on the gaseous side of the A/C loop. The accumulator protects the system components. It is located on the low-pressure side of the circuit between the evaporator outlet and the compressor suction port. The accumulator has different roles:

The orifice tube is a tube with a given length and cross-section which expands the refrigerant but, unlike the expansion valve, it is unable to regulate flow rate and superheating.

The orifice tube is always associated with an accumulator at the evaporator outlet. Orifice tubes are made up of three main parts:

• A metal tube with a chamfered inlet
• A plastic tube body
• An inlet and outlet filter If the A/C loop is contaminated, then the orifice tube becomes clogged. In this case, replace the orifice tube.